Linux: SSH tips and tricks

SSH Tunnelling

In this example I wanted to access the web interface for our cluster on port 8080 which was blocked

# ssh -L [local port]:localsystem:[remote port] remote-system
[david@localdesktop]$ ssh -L 8080:localhost:8080 bostonhpc.co.uk

Then i could point the browser at http://localhost:8080 to access the PCM console

Another example: I wanted to access another systems ipmi web interface which was accessible from the headnode, needed both 443 and 80 to be forwarded

$ ssh -L 8080:10.9.2.99:80 bostonhpc.co.uk
$ ssh -L 443:10.9.2.99:443 bostonhpc.co.uk # on a separate console 
$ ssh -L 5900:10.9.2.99:5900 bostonhpc.co.uk # on a separate console 
# then point local web browser at http://localhost:8080

Setup a reverse tunnel

In this example i want to create an ssh tunnel from a node in bostonlabs to viglen

[viglen@amd-quad]$ ssh -R 2222:localhost:22 user@bostonhpc.co.uk

From the vhpchead node, I can then connect to my desktop node through port 2222

[david@vhpchead]$ ssh -p2222 viglen@localhost

Setup a script to recreate the reverse tunnel when its down

# contents of crontab -e
*/5 * * * * /root/bin/keep_ssh_alive.sh >>  /tmp/ssh_keepalive.log

Keep SSH alive script

# /root/bin/keep_ssh_alive.sh >> /tmp/ssh_keepalive.log
#!/bin/bash

VAR=`ps aux | grep bostonhpc.co.uk | wc -l`


if  [ "$VAR" -lt "3" ]
then 
	echo "Looks like link died, starting a new one" `date`
	screen -d -m ssh -R 2222:localhost:22 david@bostonhpc.co.uk
	screen -d -m ssh -R 2223:localhost:22 david@bostonhpc.co.uk
	screen -d -m ssh -R 2225:localhost:22 michael@bostonhpc.co.uk
else
	echo "Link looks ok, no action" `date`
fi

Multi Forward SSH for VNC

# multi forward VNC 
$ ssh -L 9999:localhost:9999 bl ssh -L 9999:localhost:5901 -N keele

Passwordless access

• Generate the SSH Keys

ssh-keygen -t rsa

• Copy the RSA public key to the remote host

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@remote.machine.com 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'

# Alternatively: (but not as pretty!)
ssh-copy-id user@remotehost

• Note: .ssh directory needs to have perms: 700 and the authorized_keys files needs to be 600